Platforms: TOPEX/POSEIDON - Revision history

Roman at 13:49, 3 December 2012

Roman — Mon, 03 Dec 2012 13:49:17 GMT

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:49, 3 December 2012
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	Launched in 1992, TOPEX/Poseidon is a joint venture between CNES and NASA that measured ocean surface topography to an accuracy of 4.2 cm, enabled scientists to forecast the 1997-1998 El Nino, and improved understanding of ocean circulation and its effect of global climate. While a 3-year prime mission was planned, with a 5-year store of expendables, TOPEX/Poseidon delivered an astonishing 13+ years of data from orbit. The mission ended in January 2006.		Launched in 1992, TOPEX/Poseidon is a joint venture between CNES and NASA that measured ocean surface topography to an accuracy of 4.2 cm, enabled scientists to forecast the 1997-1998 El Nino, and improved understanding of ocean circulation and its effect of global climate. While a 3-year prime mission was planned, with a 5-year store of expendables, TOPEX/Poseidon delivered an astonishing 13+ years of data from orbit. The mission ended in January 2006.

-	~~In those 13 years, it:~~
-	* Measured sea levels with unprecedented accuracy to better than 5 cm
-	* Continuously observed global ocean topography
-	* Monitored effects of currents on global climate change and produced the first global views of seasonal changes of currents
-	* Monitored large-scale ocean features like Rossby and Kelvin waves and studied such phenomena as El Nino, La Nina, and the Pacific Decadal Oscillation
-	* Mapped basin-wide current variations and provided global data to validate models of ocean circulation
-	* Mapped year-to-year changes in heat stored in the upper ocean
-	* Produced the most accurate global maps of tides ever
-	* Improved our knowledge of Earth's gravity field
-	~~== Спутник ==~~
-	{\|
-	~~\|[[File:topex-poseidon.jpg\|thumb\|300px]]~~
-	\|
	Objectives		Objectives
	* Three-year global view of Earth's oceans		* Three-year global view of Earth's oceans
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	* Data coverage global between 66°N and 66°S latitude		* Data coverage global between 66°N and 66°S latitude
	* Data availability through NASA/JPL and CNES		* Data availability through NASA/JPL and CNES
		+	== Спутник ==
		+	{\|
		+	\|[[File:topex-poseidon.jpg\|thumb\|300px]]
		+	\|
		+	In those 13 years, it:
		+	* Measured sea levels with unprecedented accuracy to better than 5 cm
		+	* Continuously observed global ocean topography
		+	* Monitored effects of currents on global climate change and produced the first global views of seasonal changes of currents
		+	* Monitored large-scale ocean features like Rossby and Kelvin waves and studied such phenomena as El Nino, La Nina, and the Pacific Decadal Oscillation
		+	* Mapped basin-wide current variations and provided global data to validate models of ocean circulation
		+	* Mapped year-to-year changes in heat stored in the upper ocean
		+	* Produced the most accurate global maps of tides ever
		+	* Improved our knowledge of Earth's gravity field
	\|}		\|}

Roman at 13:48, 3 December 2012

Roman — Mon, 03 Dec 2012 13:48:22 GMT

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:48, 3 December 2012
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	== Результат ==		== Результат ==
	{\|		{\|
-	\|[[File:wet.~~jpg~~\|thumb\|300px]]	+	\|[[File:wet.gif\|thumb\|300px]]
	\|This plot shows the mean wet troposphere correction during cycle 30 of the Topex/Poseidon mission, i.e. during the 10-day interval starting 7 July 1993. The mean correction during this time period was 156 mm, the maximum 454 mm, the minimum 0 mm.		\|This plot shows the mean wet troposphere correction during cycle 30 of the Topex/Poseidon mission, i.e. during the 10-day interval starting 7 July 1993. The mean correction during this time period was 156 mm, the maximum 454 mm, the minimum 0 mm.
	\|-		\|-

Roman at 13:47, 3 December 2012

Roman — Mon, 03 Dec 2012 13:47:14 GMT

← Older revision		Revision as of 13:47, 3 December 2012
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	In those 13 years, it:		In those 13 years, it:
-	Measured sea levels with unprecedented accuracy to better than 5 cm	+	* Measured sea levels with unprecedented accuracy to better than 5 cm
-	Continuously observed global ocean topography	+	* Continuously observed global ocean topography
-	Monitored effects of currents on global climate change and produced the first global views of seasonal changes of currents	+	* Monitored effects of currents on global climate change and produced the first global views of seasonal changes of currents
-	Monitored large-scale ocean features like Rossby and Kelvin waves and studied such phenomena as El Nino, La Nina, and the Pacific Decadal Oscillation	+	* Monitored large-scale ocean features like Rossby and Kelvin waves and studied such phenomena as El Nino, La Nina, and the Pacific Decadal Oscillation
-	Mapped basin-wide current variations and provided global data to validate models of ocean circulation	+	* Mapped basin-wide current variations and provided global data to validate models of ocean circulation
-	Mapped year-to-year changes in heat stored in the upper ocean	+	* Mapped year-to-year changes in heat stored in the upper ocean
-	Produced the most accurate global maps of tides ever	+	* Produced the most accurate global maps of tides ever
-	Improved our knowledge of Earth's gravity field	+	* Improved our knowledge of Earth's gravity field
	== Спутник ==		== Спутник ==
	{\|		{\|

Roman: Created page with "Launched in 1992, TOPEX/Poseidon is a joint venture between CNES and NASA that measured ocean surface topography to an accuracy of 4.2 cm, enabled scientists to forecast the 1997…"

Roman — Mon, 03 Dec 2012 13:46:23 GMT

Created page with "Launched in 1992, TOPEX/Poseidon is a joint venture between CNES and NASA that measured ocean surface topography to an accuracy of 4.2 cm, enabled scientists to forecast the 1997…"

New page

Launched in 1992, TOPEX/Poseidon is a joint venture between CNES and NASA that measured ocean surface topography to an accuracy of 4.2 cm, enabled scientists to forecast the 1997-1998 El Nino, and improved understanding of ocean circulation and its effect of global climate. While a 3-year prime mission was planned, with a 5-year store of expendables, TOPEX/Poseidon delivered an astonishing 13+ years of data from orbit. The mission ended in January 2006.

In those 13 years, it:
Measured sea levels with unprecedented accuracy to better than 5 cm
Continuously observed global ocean topography
Monitored effects of currents on global climate change and produced the first global views of seasonal changes of currents
Monitored large-scale ocean features like Rossby and Kelvin waves and studied such phenomena as El Nino, La Nina, and the Pacific Decadal Oscillation
Mapped basin-wide current variations and provided global data to validate models of ocean circulation
Mapped year-to-year changes in heat stored in the upper ocean
Produced the most accurate global maps of tides ever
Improved our knowledge of Earth's gravity field
== Спутник ==
{|
|[[File:topex-poseidon.jpg|thumb|300px]]
|
Objectives
* Three-year global view of Earth's oceans
* Improved understanding of ocean currents
* Improved forecasting of global climate

Mission
* Joint NASA-CNES program
* Launched August 10, 1992
* Launch Vehicle: Arianespace's Ariane 42P
* Launch Site: Centre Spatial Guyanais, Kourou, French Guiana
* Operations for 3-year prime mission, 6-year extended: JPL
* Orbit: 1336-km, circular, 66° inclination
* 10-day repeat of ground track (±1-km accuracy)
* Covers 95% of ice-free oceans every 10-days

Spacecraft
* Based on Fairchild's Multi-Mission Spacecraft bus
* Total mass: 2402 kg (5296 lbs)
* Single solar panel provides 3.4 kW of power
* 1.2 m (4 foot) high-gain antenna communicates through TDRSS
* Reaction wheels and torque rods maintain 3-axis stabilization and nadir pointing
* Hydrazine propellant system provides orbital maintenance

Payload/Sensors
* NASA dual-frequency (C- and Ku-band) altimeter and CNES single-frequency (Ku-band) solid-state altimeter measures height above sea
* NASA microwave radiometer measures water vapor along altimeter path to correct for pulse delay
* NASA Global Positioning System demonstration receiver provides precise orbit ephemeris data
* NASA laser retroreflector array works with ground stations to track satellite and calibrate and verify altimeter measurements.
* CNES DORIS Doppler tracking antenna receives ground signals for precise orbit determination, satellite tracking, and ionospheric correction data for CNES altimeter

Data
* Sea-level measurement accuracy 4.2 cm (1.7 inch)
* Data coverage global between 66°N and 66°S latitude
* Data availability through NASA/JPL and CNES
|}

== Результат ==
{|
|[[File:wet.jpg|thumb|300px]]
|This plot shows the mean wet troposphere correction during cycle 30 of the Topex/Poseidon mission, i.e. during the 10-day interval starting 7 July 1993. The mean correction during this time period was 156 mm, the maximum 454 mm, the minimum 0 mm.
|-
|[[File:Poseidon_graphic.jpg|thumb|300px]]
|
|}

== Источники ==
Описание: http://sealevel.jpl.nasa.gov/missions/topex/
Изображения: http://space.skyrocket.de/doc_sdat/topex-poseidon.htm, http://iliad.gsfc.nasa.gov/opf/algorithms/wet_topex.html, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TOPEX/Poseidon